Sciatica is characterized by pain in the lower back and buttocks. This pain may radiate down one or both legs at the thigh, calf, ankle and foot. Genuine sciatica occurs when the pain travels below the knee.
Sciatic pain results when the base of the spine is compressed or when the injury or pressure has compressed the spinal roots of the sciatic nerve. Sciatic nerve systems are located in the lumbar and sacral regions of the spine. sciatic pain can be described as sharp, dull, burning, tingling, numbness, continuous or intermittent, and usually affects only one side of the body. May spread throughout the nerve, in some cases all the way to the feet.
Read more about treatment options for sciatica, including medications, spinal injections, and surgery. You can also take our Quiz chronic pain treatments to find the most effective ways to reduce chronic pain caused by sciatica.
Sciatic pain is most often the result of a herniated disc, spinal stenosis (an overgrowth of bone in the spinal cord), or in extremely rare cases, infection or tumor.

One sciatic nerve (yellow) 2 3 sacral hip bone
Yellow = Nerve Structures
Red = artery Structures
Blue = Veins Structures
Herniated disc: A common cause sciatica
Each spinal disc comprises a tough outer layer of cartilage and a central elastic. As we age, the discs degenerate to be thinner and weaker. extra pressure of a fall or heavy lifting can cause cracks in the outer layers of the discs, allowing the central mass to tighten. This type of rupture may put pressure on the spinal cord or the nerves that branch from it. Herniated discs in the lumbar or sacral regions may put pressure on the sciatic nerve causing pain and discomfort.
Sciatica Treatment Options
People with back pain have historically been prescribed bed rest in order to provide relief for aching bones and joints. Research in recent years has suggested that bed rest alone will not provide relief for those suffering from nerve pain such as sciatica. Staying active may be more beneficial for those suffering from back pain. Not that you should be running marathons! Activity means to be mobile and time periods are not sufficient to cause more pain and discomfort in his back. Some doctors may prescribe specific exercises, or may simply suggest some on foot.
A Dutch study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1999, followed 183 patients with sciatica. Half of them were advised to follow a regimen of bed rest with pauses only for bathing and toileting. The other half were instructed to remain active as usual. The symptoms of the patients were evaluated after two weeks and again after twelve weeks. Whether or not he had rested, the symptoms of patients in both groups were consistent. Two thirds reported an improvement, and both groups showed a similar number of working days lost and surgeries posteriores.1
Sciatica Pain
Pain is best treated with an anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or codeine (in acute cases).
In some cases it may be a drug similar to cortisone is injected into the epidural space surrounding the spinal column. This procedure is similar to that used epidural during childbirth, and is called an epidural steroid injection. A course of this type of treatment may offer temporary relief, but does not address the root of the problem.
Surgery
Some patients with sciatica can find significant relief from surgery. In cases of herniated discs, a surgical procedure called a laminectomy may be performed. In this procedure, a portion of the posterior arch is removed to relieve pressure on pinched nerve tissue.
In cases of spinal stenosis, the portion of bone that is putting pressure on the sciatic nerve system can be eliminated.
Surgery is not for everyone. However, for those who have not shown any sign of improvement in four to six weeks and have had CT (computed tomography) or MRI showing a herniated disc or spinal stenosis, surgery can offer substantial relief.